16-letter words containing c, o, s, i, m
- inter-comparison — the act of comparing.
- interim accounts — accounts published in the course of the financial year
- intracytoplasmic — Located in the cytoplasm of a cell.
- kaposi's sarcoma — a form of skin cancer found in Africans and more recently in victims of AIDS
- league champions — the team that has come top of the league
- light microscope — microscope (def 1).
- line composition — type produced on a linecaster
- long-tail claims — Long-tail claims are claims that are made or settled a long time after the insurance policy has expired.
- luminosity class — a classification of stars of a given spectral type according to their luminosity, breaking them down into dwarfs, giants, and supergiants.
- lz77 compression — The first algorithm to use the Lempel-Ziv substitutional compression schemes, proposed in 1977. LZ77 compression keeps track of the last n bytes of data seen, and when a phrase is encountered that has already been seen, it outputs a pair of values corresponding to the position of the phrase in the previously-seen buffer of data, and the length of the phrase. In effect the compressor moves a fixed-size "window" over the data (generally referred to as a "sliding window"), with the position part of the (position, length) pair referring to the position of the phrase within the window. The most commonly used algorithms are derived from the LZSS scheme described by James Storer and Thomas Szymanski in 1982. In this the compressor maintains a window of size N bytes and a "lookahead buffer", the contents of which it tries to find a match for in the window: while (lookAheadBuffer not empty) { get a pointer (position, match) to the longest match in the window for the lookahead buffer; if (length > MINIMUM_MATCH_LENGTH) { output a (position, length) pair; shift the window length characters along; } else { output the first character in the lookahead buffer; shift the window 1 character along; } } Decompression is simple and fast: whenever a (POSITION, LENGTH) pair is encountered, go to that POSITION in the window and copy LENGTH bytes to the output. Sliding-window-based schemes can be simplified by numbering the input text characters mod N, in effect creating a circular buffer. The sliding window approach automatically creates the LRU effect which must be done explicitly in LZ78 schemes. Variants of this method apply additional compression to the output of the LZSS compressor, which include a simple variable-length code (LZB), dynamic Huffman coding (LZH), and Shannon-Fano coding (ZIP 1.x), all of which result in a certain degree of improvement over the basic scheme, especially when the data are rather random and the LZSS compressor has little effect. An algorithm was developed which combines the ideas behind LZ77 and LZ78 to produce a hybrid called LZFG. LZFG uses the standard sliding window, but stores the data in a modified trie data structure and produces as output the position of the text in the trie. Since LZFG only inserts complete *phrases* into the dictionary, it should run faster than other LZ77-based compressors. All popular archivers (arj, lha, zip, zoo) are variations on LZ77.
- lz78 compression — A substitutional compression scheme which works by entering phrases into a dictionary and then, when a reoccurrence of that particular phrase is found, outputting the dictionary index instead of the phrase. Several algorithms are based on this principle, differing mainly in the manner in which they manage the dictionary. The most well-known Lempel-Ziv scheme is Terry Welch's Lempel-Ziv Welch variant of LZ78.
- machado de assiz — Joaquim Maria [zhaw-ah-kim mah-ree-ah] /ˈʒɔ ɑ kɪm mɑˈri ɑ/ (Show IPA), 1839–1908, Brazilian writer.
- macro-linguistic — a field of study concerned with language in its broadest sense and including cultural and behavioral features associated with language.
- macroinstruction — macro (def 5).
- macrolinguistics — a field of study concerned with language in its broadest sense and including cultural and behavioral features associated with language.
- macrorestriction — In physical gene mapping, the digestion of DNA of high molecular weight with a restriction enzyme having a low number of restriction sites.
- magazine section — a magazinelike section in the Sunday editions of many newspapers, containing articles rather than news items and often letters, reviews, stories, puzzles, etc.
- magmatic stoping — the process by which country rock is broken up and engulfed by the upward movement of magma
- magnesiochromite — (mineral) A chromite species with the formula MgCr2O4.
- magnetic compass — a compass having a magnetized needle generally in line with the magnetic poles of the earth.
- magnetoacoustics — (used with a singular verb) the branch of physics studying the effects of magnetism on acoustics or their interaction.
- magnetochemistry — the study of magnetic and chemical phenomena in their relation to one another.
- magnetostriction — a change in dimensions exhibited by ferromagnetic materials when subjected to a magnetic field.
- magnetostrictive — Of or pertaining to magnetostriction.
- malicious damage — Malicious damage is damage caused on purpose to the property of another person.
- manic depression — bipolar disorder.
- marginal costing — a method of cost accounting and decision making used for internal reporting in which only marginal costs are charged to cost units and fixed costs are treated as a lump sum
- marriage customs — the acts that are traditionally done in connection with a marriage
- marsh cinquefoil — a variety of cinquefoil, Potentilla palustris, that grows in marshy areas
- mass destruction — devastation on a large scale
- mechanochemistry — the field of chemistry that deals with the direct conversion of chemical into mechanical energy.
- medieval cornish — the Cornish language of the Middle Ages, usually dated from the 14th century to 1600.
- megacorporations — Plural form of megacorporation.
- megakaryoblastic — (cytology) Of or pertaining to a megakaryoblast.
- memorial service — ceremony held in commemoration
- mercator sailing — sailing according to rhumb lines, which appear as straight lines on a Mercator chart.
- meretriciousness — alluring by a show of flashy or vulgar attractions; tawdry.
- mexican standoff — a stalemate or impasse; a confrontation that neither side can win.
- microaggressions — Plural form of microaggression.
- microconstituent — a microscopically small constituent of a metal or alloy.
- microcosmic salt — sodium ammonium phosphate.
- microcrystalline — minutely crystalline; composed of microscopic crystals.
- microelectronics — the technology dealing with the design, development, and construction of electronic systems utilizing extremely small elements, especially solid-state devices employing microminiaturization.
- microencapsulate — (transitive) To embed by means of microencapsulation.
- microenterprises — Plural form of microenterprise.
- microinstruction — an instruction that defines part of a machine-language instruction in terms of simpler operations.
- microlinguistics — the branch of linguistics that is concerned with the study of languages in the abstract, and that looks at specific linguistic data without consideration of meaning
- micrometer screw — a screw with a fine thread of definite pitch, such as that of a micrometer gauge
- microphotographs — Plural form of microphotograph.
- microsoft access — 1. (database) A relational database running under Microsoft Windows. Data is stored as a number of "tables", e.g. "Stock". Each table consists of a number of "records" (e.g. for different items) and each record contains a number of "fields", e.g. "Product code", "Supplier", "Quantity in stock". Access allows the user to create "forms" and "reports". A form shows one record in a user-designed format and allows the user to step through records one at a time. A report shows selected records in a user-designed format, possibly grouped into sections with different kinds of total (including sum, minimum, maximum, average). There are also facilities to use links ("joins") between tables which share a common field and to filter records according to certain criteria or search for particular field values. Version: 2 (date?). 2. (communications) A communications program from Microsoft, meant to compete with ProComm and other programs. It sucked and was dropped. Years later they reused the name for their database.