19-letter words containing g, r, i
- digital certificate — (communications, security) An attachment to an electronic mail message used for security purposes, e.g. to verify that a user sending a message is who he or she claims to be, and to provide the receiver with the means to encode a reply. An individual wishing to send an encrypted message applies for a digital certificate from a certificate authority (CA). The CA issues an encrypted digital certificate containing the applicant's public key and a variety of other identification information. The CA makes its own public key readily available on the Internet. The recipient of an encrypted message uses the CA's public key to decode the digital certificate attached to the message, verifies it as issued by the CA and then obtains the sender's public key and identification information held within the certificate.
- digital electronics — (electronics) The implementation of two-valued logic using electronic logic gates such as and gates, or gates and flip-flops. In such circuits the logical values true and false are represented by two different voltages, e.g. 0V for false and +5V for true. Similarly, numbers are normally represented in binary using two different voltages to represented zero and one. Digital electronics contrasts with analogue electronics which represents continuously varying quantities like sound pressure using continuously varying voltages. Digital electronics is the foundation of modern computers and digital communications. Massively complex digital logic circuits with millions of gates can now be built onto a single integrated circuit such as a microprocessor and these circuits can perform millions of operations per second.
- digital linear tape — (storage) (DLT) A kind of magnetic tape drive originally developed by DEC and now marketed by Quantum. DLT drives implement the Digital Lempel Ziv 1 (DLZ1) compression algorithm in a combination of hardware and firmware. They use a popular chip by Stac (now hi/fn) to do the string searching. Counting, sorting and Huffman coding are done in firmware (with hardware support for the Huffman algorithm?). In April 1997 DLT drives can transfer 5 megabytes per second and can store 35 gigabytes on a single cartridge. Compression might roughly double these figures.
- digital photography — the taking or manipulation of photographs that are stored as data files on a computer.
- diminishing returns — any rate of profit, production, benefits, etc., that beyond a certain point fails to increase proportionately with added investment, effort, or skill.
- direct grant school — (in Britain, formerly) a school financed by endowment, fees, and a state grant conditional upon admittance of a percentage of nonpaying pupils nominated by the local education authority
- display advertising — display ads taken collectively.
- ditty bag (or box) — a small bag (or box) used as by sailors for holding sewing equipment, toilet articles, etc.
- diversified farming — the practice of producing a variety of crops or animals, or both, on one farm, as distinguished from specializing in a single commodity.
- do not disturb sign — A do not disturb sign is a sign that a guest in a hotel hangs outside their room to tell other people not to knock the door or enter.
- double-helical gear — herringbone gear.
- drawing-room comedy — a light, sophisticated comedy typically set in a drawing room with characters drawn from polite society.
- dry-bulk cargo ship — a ship that carries an unpackaged dry cargo such as coal or grain; bulk carrier
- dwight d eisenhower — Dwight David ("Ike") 1890–1969, U.S. general and statesman: Chief of Staff 1945–48; 34th president of the U.S. 1953–61.
- earthquake engineer — a civil engineer who studies the effects of seismic activity on structures and consults on earthquake-resistant design and construction.
- efficiency engineer — a person whose work is to increase the productive efficiency of a business or industry by finding better methods of performing various operations, reducing waste and costs, etc.
- electrical engineer — An electrical engineer is a person who uses scientific knowledge to design, construct, and maintain electrical devices.
- electrocardiographs — Plural form of electrocardiograph.
- electrocardiography — The measurement of electrical activity in the heart and the recording of such activity as a visual trace (on paper or on an oscilloscope screen), using electrodes placed on the skin of the limbs and chest.
- electromagnetically — By means of electromagnetism.
- electron micrograph — a photograph or image of a specimen taken using an electron microscope
- electronegativities — Plural form of electronegativity.
- electronic engineer — a person who is qualified or expert in electronic engineering
- electronic graphics — (on television) the production of graphic designs and text by electronic means
- electronic ignition — any system that uses an electronic circuit to supply the voltage to the sparking plugs of an internal-combustion engine
- electronic magazine — (messaging, publication, web) (e-zine) A regular publication on some particular topic distributed in digital form, chiefly now via the web but also by electronic mail or floppy disk. E-zines are often distributed for free by enthusiasts.
- electrophotographic — Of or pertaining to electrophotography.
- electrophysiologist — A physiologist whose speciality is electrophysiology.
- energy conservation — concerted formal or government action or policy to make sure that energy is not wasted
- engineering factory — a factory where engineering products are made
- entitlement program — a government program providing defined sectors of the population with social benefits
- equatorial mounting — an astronomical telescope mounting that allows motion of the telescope about two mutually perpendicular axes, one of which is parallel to the earth's axis
- error-based testing — (programming) Testing where information about programming style, error-prone language constructs, and other programming knowledge is applied to select test data capable of detecting faults, either a specified class of faults or all possible faults.
- euclidean algorithm — Euclid's Algorithm
- evaluation strategy — reduction strategy
- evaporative cooling — a method of reducing temperature that uses evaporation
- executive agreement — an agreement made between the US President and the head of a foreign state, having the effect of a treaty
- executive privilege — Executive privilege is the right that a member of the executive branch of government has to withhold information about matters that they consider to be confidential.
- exophthalmic goiter — a disease of unknown cause characterized by enlargement of the thyroid gland, overproduction of the thyroid hormone, and abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs
- exophthalmic goitre — a form of hyperthyroidism characterized by enlargement of the thyroid gland, protrusion of the eyeballs, increased basal metabolic rate, and weight loss
- extreme programming — a discipline of software engineering following a specific structure, designed to simplify and speed up the development process
- feather-tail glider — pygmy glider.
- fighter-interceptor — a fighter plane used for the defense of a region against air attack, especially by attacking bombers.
- figurative language — language that contains or uses figures of speech, especially metaphors.
- finger on the pulse — If you have your finger on the pulse of something, you know all the latest opinions or developments concerning it.
- finite differencing — strength reduction
- first degree murder — the most serious category of murder
- first-degree murder — Law. the killing of another human being under conditions specifically covered in law. In the U.S., special statutory definitions include murder committed with malice aforethought, characterized by deliberation or premeditation or occurring during the commission of another serious crime, as robbery or arson (first-degree murder) and murder by intent but without deliberation or premeditation (second-degree murder)
- fixed exchange rate — finance: set rate of exchange
- fixed-rate mortgage — a home mortgage for which equal monthly payments of interest and principal are paid over the life of the loan, usually for a term of 30 years.