4-letter words starting with v
- v.10 — (communications, standard) An ITU-T recommendation on electrical characteristics for unbalanced double-current interchange circuits operating at data signalling rates nominally up to 100 kbps. This recommendation is also included but not published in ITU-T X series under alias number X.26. The circuit defined in this standard is used in other serial line standards such as EIA-232 and EIA-423, that implement single ended communication.
- v.11 — (communications, standard) An ITU-T recommendation on electrical characteristics for balanced double-current interchange circuits operating at data signalling rates up to 10 Mbps. V.11 is also included but not published in the as ITU-T X.27. V.11 is used in other serial line standards such as EIA-422 and EIA-485, that implement differential line communication.
- v.17 — (protocol, standard) An ITU-T modem protocol for 14400 bps half duplex communications with fall back to 12000 bps, 9600 bps and 7200 bps.
- v.21 — (protocol, standard) An ITU-T modem protocol for 300 bps two-wire full-duplex communications using Frequency Shift Keying modulation. All modern modems support both V.21 and the close variant, Bell 103.
- v.22 — (protocol, standard) An ITU-T modem protocol which allowed data rates of 1200 bps. V.22bis doubled this.
- v.23 — (protocol, standard) An ITU-T modem protocol which allowed half-duplex (unidirectional) data transmission at 1200 bits per second with a 75 bps back channel and fall back to 600/75 bps. This was the main standard used for British Telecom's Prestel service.
- v.24 — (standard) The ITU-T standard defining interchange circuits between DTE and DCE. V.24 is the ITU-T equivalent of EIA standard EIA-232C, though V.24 only specifies the meaning of the signals, not the connector or the voltages used. V.24 recommends 12 modem carrier frequencies that will not interfere with Dual Tone Multi-Frequency or other telephone control tones. These are: GROUP A = 920 Hz, 1000 Hz, 1080 Hz, 1160 Hz GROUP B = 1320 Hz, 1400 Hz, 1480 Hz, 1560 Hz Group C = 1720 Hz, 1800 Hz, 1880 Hz, 1960 Hz (2004-08-02)
- v.25 — (communications, standard) A standard allowing an auto-answer modem to determine the correct modulation standard to use.
- v.28 — (communications, standard) An ITU-T physical interface standard for serial data communications equipment, formally titled "Electrical Characteristics for Unbalanced Double-Current Interchange Circuits". The combination of V.28 and V.24 is equivalent to the EIA's RS-232 and uses the same 25-pin connectors.
- v.29 — (communications, standard) An ITU-T modem protocol which allows 9600 bps half duplex or four wire communications with fall back to 7200 bps and 4800 bps. V.29 is used by fax machines.
- v.32 — (communications, standard) An ITU-T standard protocol for modems transmitting at 9600 bits per second with fall back to 4800 bps. V.32bis extended this to 14400 bps. V32 and V.32bis acheive bidirectional data transmission not by having different sets of tones at each end but by subtracting what is sent from what is received.
- v.34 — (protocol) An ITU-T standard modem serial line protocol using symbol rates of 2400, 2743, 2800, 3000, >3200 and 3429 and up to 28800 bits per second. The official V.34 draft recommendation was titled: Modem operating at data signalling rates of up to 28 800 bit/s for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point 2-wire telephone-type circuits. During the lengthy process of approval by ITU-T, many manufacturers released 28.8 kbps modems described as "V.FAST". The V.34 recommendation was ratified by ITU-T on 20 September 1994. Rockwell and US Robotics both have seats on the ITU-T, and have both released chip set/BIOS combinations that they feel will meet V.34. V.34 modems will also support V.FC if the manufacturer currently supports V.FC (e.g. Rockwell). Some (all?) V.34 modems will also support line probing.
- v.35 — (communications, standard) The ITU-T standard for data transmission at 48 kilobits per second over 60 - 108 KHz group band circuits. It contains the 34-pin V.34 connector specifications normally implemented on a modular RJ-45 connector.
- v.42 — (communications, standard) An ITU-T standard protocol for error correction between modems, which includes MNP up to level 4 and asynchronous to synchronous conversion.
- v.90 — (protocol) An ITU-T standard modem serial line protocol allowing download speeds of up to 56 kbps with upload speeds of 33.6 kbps. V.90 modems are designed for connections that are digital at one end and have only one digital-to-analogue conversion. As of 1998-02-06 the V.90 standard, formerly called V.pcm, has been given final approval by ITU-T. On 1998-10-27 the ITU-T announced that approval of the V.90 standard was completed. Interoperability testing is complete or in progress for several modem manufacturers. The V.90 standard reconciles two competing standards, X2 and K56flex. The ITU-T has initiated the approval process for a new all-digital version of the protocol, to be known as V.91.
- v.91 — (protocol) An all-digital version of the V.90 protocol, undergoing ITU-T approval.
- v.fc — (communications, protocol) A serial line protocol supported by some modems. Uses symbol rates of 2400, 2800, 3000, >3200 and 3429 and up to 28800 baud. The first V.FC modems were shipped in November 1993 and there have been many thousands sold. There will probably be in excess of a million V.FC modems installed by the end of 1994. V.FC was intended to take some of the techniques being proposed for V.34 and put them into a real modem that people could use. This also gave a lot of people the opportunity to try out 28.8 kilobit per second operation for the first time. There was never any intention from Hayes or Rockwell (who worked together for two years on V.FC) that V.FC would be compatible with V.34 - even if they had wanted it, others would have made sure it didn't happen! In fact, they made the start-up deliberately different from V.34 so that it would be easy to distinguish between the two and easier to make dual-mode V.FC/V.34 modems. V.FC is quite different from V.34. Most of the signal-processing algorithms, whilst based on the same theory, are implemented in different ways. V.34 has some extra things like a secondary channel and a special mode for 28.8 kilobit per second fax. The Rockwell V.FC implementation uses a single-chip mask-programmed DSP for all the signal processing functions. You can also buy a modem controller chip from Rockwell to go with it which implements AT commands, error-control and compression. Hayes made their own controller using the Motorola 68302 processor. When it comes to an upgrade from V.FC to V.34 you have to have a new, masked DSP chip and new controller firmware to implement all the V.34-specific features. This means that Rockwell-DSP based modems must be returned to the manufacturer for upgrade. Upgraded modems will talk to either V.FC or V.34 modems.
- vaad — a Jewish council offering advice on or having authority over certain community affairs.
- vaal — a river in S Africa, in the Republic of South Africa, flowing SW from the Transvaal to the Orange River. 700 miles (1125 km) long.
- vade — to fade or vanish
- vag- — vago-
- vagi — vagus nerve.
- vail — to veil.
- vain — excessively proud of or concerned about one's own appearance, qualities, achievements, etc.; conceited: a vain dandy.
- vair — a fur much used for lining and trimming garments in the 13th and 14th centuries, generally assumed to have been that of a variety of squirrel with a gray back and white belly. Compare miniver (def 1).
- vala — a prophetess.
- vale — a valley.
- vali — a Turkish civil governor
- vamp — a seductive woman who uses her sensuality to exploit men.
- vane — Sir Henry (Sir Harry Vane) 1613–62, British statesman and author.
- vang — a rope extending from the peak of a gaff to the ship's rail or to a mast, used to steady the gaff.
- vape — an e-cigarette or similar device for marijuana; a vape pen.
- vara — a unit of length in Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking countries, varying from about 32 inches (81 cm) to about 43 inches (109 cm).
- vare — a weasel
- vari — a nocturnal, nesting lemur, Varecia variegata, native to Madagascar, having black and white fur and a mane: an endangered species.
- vary — to change or alter, as in form, appearance, character, or substance: to vary one's methods.
- vasa — a vessel or duct.
- vase — a vessel, as of glass, porcelain, earthenware, or metal, usually higher than it is wide, used chiefly to hold cut flowers or for decoration.
- vast — of very great area or extent; immense: the vast reaches of outer space.
- vats — a large container, as a tub or tank, used for storing or holding liquids: a wine vat.
- vatu — a nickel-brass coin and monetary unit of Vanuatu.
- vaud — a canton in W Switzerland. 1239 sq. mi. (3210 sq. km). Capital: Lausanne.
- vaus — the sixth letter of the Hebrew alphabet.
- vaux — Calvert, 1824–95, U.S. landscape architect, born in England: collaborator with Frederick Law Olmsted.
- vavs — the sixth letter of the Hebrew alphabet.
- vcid — Virtual Circuit Identifier
- vcjd — variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
- vcpi — Virtual Control Program Interface
- vdqs — vins délimités de qualité supérieure: on a bottle of French wine, indicates that it contains high-quality wine from an approved regional vineyard; the second highest French wine classification
- vdsl — Very high bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line
On this page, we collect all 4-letter words starting with letter V. It’s easy to find right word with a certain length. It is the easiest way to find 4-letter word that beginning with V to use in Scrabble or Crossword puzzles.